Peran Teknologi IoT dan WSN dalam Pengelolaan Informasi Pertanian: Sebuah Kajian Sistematis

Nirwana Haidar Hari, Joko Prasetyo, Khoironi Khoironi, Lusiana Agustien, Ahmad Walid Hujairi

Abstract


Permintaan global terhadap pertanian yang efisien dan berkelanjutan telah mendorong adopsi teknologi Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel (Wireless Sensor Networks/WSN) dan Internet of Things (IoT). Artikel ini menyajikan tinjauan sistematis terhadap protokol routing dalam WSN untuk aplikasi pertanian cerdas berbasis IoT. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah PRISMA, dengan menganalisis 33 artikel dari basis data terkemuka seperti IEEE Xplore dan Scopus. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa protokol seperti LEACH dan variannya, termasuk pendekatan berbasis heuristik, dapat meningkatkan efisiensi energi hingga 40%. Integrasi WSN dan IoT juga memungkinkan otomatisasi irigasi dan pengambilan keputusan berbasis data real-time, yang berkontribusi pada pengurangan konsumsi air hingga 30%. Meskipun demikian, tantangan seperti keterbatasan konektivitas dan isu keamanan data masih menjadi hambatan signifikan. Tinjauan ini menegaskan potensi besar pemanfaatan WSN dan IoT dalam merevolusi praktik pertanian tradisional, serta perlunya penelitian lanjutan untuk mengatasi keterbatasan infrastruktur dan daya komputasi di lingkungan pertanian.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.53712/jic.v10i2.2772

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